"Do what is
expected" and "Do the best you can"
This rule and these
expectations summarize the philosophy of the Make Your Day program.
It is based on the premise that every person within the school
environment has the right to complete his or her responsibilities
without interference from others. From a student's point of view,
this means that they can expect a physically and emotionally safe
school environment that is enhanced by a focus on learning. The
students are able to communicate directly with those persons who are
interfering with their learning in order to effect a change.
Students are encouraged to help each other by communicating politely
with the other person when an interfering behavior occurs. From the
teacher's perspective, all behavioral interventions are couched in
terms of interfering with another student's rights or with the
teacher's right to instruct.
In order to evaluate if
a student is "Doing what is expected and doing it the best that they
can," they are provided with the opportunity to be involved in a
self-peer-teacher evaluation of their efforts on an hourly basis,
which is given substance by the earning of "Points." The emphasis
in this phase is on self-evaluation -- the ability to review one's
personal effort in order to make a determination as to whether the
classroom expectations were fulfilled to the best of their ability.
For example, a student whose best effort is 65% accuracy on a given
assignment is evaluated on equal footing with the student whose best
effort is 98% accuracy. Students are not penalized for learning
difficulties and they learn to accept individual differences in
themselves and their peers. In order to take advantage of the
powerful effect the peer group has on changing behavior, students
are allowed to describe concisely to another student how one of that
student’s behaviors has affected their right to learn or to be
safe. A teacher-monitored, brief verbal exchange takes place that
allows the students to communicate their feelings and perceptions
while resolving the issue.
Every staff member
holds each student accountable to established school-wide
standards. Consequences are clearly delineated and consistently
enforced throughout the school environment. If a student is
interfering with the learning or safety of others, they are
privately asked to take time away from the current activity in order
to process the consequences of their current behavior, its effect on
those around them, and engage in problem-solving to resolve the
difficulty. After a few minutes, they are privately asked if they
need more time to be away from the learning environment. If their
answer is "no," the student is given permission to return to the
designated activities, whereas a "yes" simply indicates that the
student requires additional time to reflect and/or to gather
self-control.
If a student is unable
to gain self-control or engages in an extreme behavior, they are
asked to call their parents for a conference at school. This
three-way conference between the staff member, the student, and the
parent(s) is structured to give the student an opportunity to assess
and take responsibility for their behavior, provide alternative
choices for future situations, and indicate a readiness to return to
the classroom. These procedures are implemented without blaming,
moralizing, or showing anger and the teacher speaks in a quiet,
businesslike tone when addressing the student. Throughout the
school day, each student is cognizant that the consequences of their
behavior, both positive and negative, result from their choices --
not arbitrary decisions by the staff.
Burns (1990) describes
the goals of the Make Your Day classroom management program as
follows:
1.
To assist students in developing a sense of
reality regarding the consequences of their behavior: a) to reward
and encourage consistent learning behavior and, b) to reduce
recognition for inappropriate or poor behavior.
2.
To
teach and provide opportunities for students to exercise pertinent
decision-making skills regarding their behavior.
3.
To affect covert as well as overt behavior,
thereby helping students develop self-direction or autonomy in the
control of their actions.
4.
To assist students in
the development of, and to provide opportunity for, the use of
relevant assertive social interaction skills. (p. 32)
At the beginning of the
school year, the classroom teacher and the students jointly
establish the classroom rule. This is accomplished through a guided
examination of the underlying rationale of classroom structure and
the consequences of "lawlessness." The outcome of this process is
that students have taken an active part in the organization of their
classroom, which results in students taking ownership of the
classroom and its structure.
Another
essential component of the Make Your Day classroom management model
is consistent communication with the parents. Parents are
encouraged to ask students about their day. If their child "made
their day," the parents understand that school expectations were met
and that their child gave their best effort. Students who do not
“make their day” are required, on a written form, to describe what
occurred. The student takes this communication form
home, which provides the parents with an opportunity to discuss the
choices their child made along with alternative strategies that
could be more successful the next time. Parents are encouraged to
use this as a time to help their child determine what happened that
interfered with their optimum learning. The intent is that the
child will learn from this experience. The school does not expect
parents to administer a consequence. Students are expected to
honestly reflect their efforts in their points, which means that no
student will “make their day” all of the time. Mistakes are simply
a learning opportunity. After briefly discussing the happenings of
the previous day with their parents, parents sign the form, and the
student returns it the following day.
